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It is a traumatic joint twist, which is painful and produces inflammation in the affected area (ankle, knee, fingers, etc.). The ankle sprain is the most frequent.
The severity and consequences of the sprain will depend on the energy of the trauma and the strength or consistency of the joint.
The priority of rehabilitation in this type of injuries lies in controlling inflammation and pain, as well as relieving loads from the area affected by the sprain.
The first measures for the treatment of a sprain are:
- Apply ice or some mechanism of cold, thus reducing inflammation and calming the pain.
- Make a compressive bandage of the damaged area.
- Elevation of the injured limb to favor edematous drainage. It is important that, in the case of the ankle, the elevation of the ankle is above the hip, so that this drainage is effective.
- To treat the sprain, the administration of anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications will also be beneficial. Likewise, it is advisable to use any type of orthosis in order to dissipate any load on that damaged joint.
In response to the graduation of the injury, we can mention response measures to a sprain injury:
- Sprain grade 1: No immobilization is necessary, and it is even prudent to allow its use. From the second day, you can start with mobilization exercises (flexo-extensions, joint mobility, strengthening, etc.). Once recovered, and before resuming physical activity, it is convenient to fix the joint with a preventive bandage.
- Sprain grade 2: The pattern of action will be identical to grade 1, with the exception of the protection with splint or functional bandage from the second day.
- Sprain grade 3: Before any action, the injury must be evaluated by a specialist, in this case traumatological, to discern the extent of the injury and the relevant tests to perform.
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