Two recent large-scale reviews have concluded that increasing your omega-3 intake may slightly increase your risk of prostate cancer. However, a slight reduction in cardiovascular risk compensates for this effect.
Omega-3 fatty acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids (GPIs), which are widely found in nature. One of these fatty acids, called alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), is an “essential fat”. Our bodies need ALA to function.
Many people believe that omega-3, which is available over-the-counter as a supplement, can prevent a multitude of chronic conditions, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Small effects
To put these findings into perspective, the authors of the cancer review explain that if 1,000 men increased their omega-3 intake, it would result in three additional cases of prostate cancer.
Conversely, if 1,000 people increased their omega-3 intake, three would avoid death from coronary heart disease, six would avoid an event of coronary heart disease, and one would prevent arrhythmia.
Taken together, the results refute the notion that omega-3 is a panacea. As for cardiovascular disease and cancer, it has little influence.
Cancer and cardiovascular reviews are part of a series of reviews conducted by the same group of researchers.
The lead author, Dr Lee Hooper, of Norwich School of Medicine at the University of East Anglia in the United Kingdom, explains some of his previous findings:
“Our previous research has shown that long-chain omega-3 supplements, including fish oils, do not protect against conditions such as anxiety, depression, stroke, diabetes or death.”
It is worth noting that, if a doctor has recommended fish oil, it is better to discuss this with them before making any changes.
It concludes: “Given the environmental concerns about industrial fishing and the impact it is having on fish stocks and plastic pollution in the oceans, it seems futile to continue taking fish oil tablets that give little or no benefit.”
